Rock-drilling engine.



J. G. LEYNER.

ROOK DRILLIN G ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED AUG. 1, 1905,

Patented Mar. 9, 1909.

2 BHBETSWSEBET 2.

JOHN GEORGE LEYNER, OF DENVER, COLORADO.

ROCK-DRILLING ENGINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented March 9, 1909.

Application led August 1, 1905. Serial No. 272,174.

Tolall whom it may concern:

Bc it known ta-.at I, JOHN GEORGE LEY- Nna, a citizen of the United States of America, residing in the city and county of Denver and State of Colorado, have invented a new and useful Rock-Drilling Engine, of which the followin is a specification.

My invention re ates to improvements in rock drilling engines, and the objects of my invention are: First. To provide a combined air and water feeding hammer-piston, drillbit striking -pin, feed screw rotating rock-drilling engine, that is arranged and adapted to feed a supply of commin led air and water to tiie rock cutting en of its rock -cutting drill-bit, to eject the rock cuttings from holesl in rock while drilling them. Second. To i'ovide an air and water feedin rock drilling engine, liaving a strikingin or the hammers of piston hammer dril s, provided with a water feeding conduit through it, rovided with a Water feeding tube extending loosely through it. Third. To rovide a Water feeding rock drilling engine, having a strikin -pin ineinber and a hammer piston, both o which are reciprocally mounted on a Water conveyin tube, the striking pin of which is inteipose( between the piston hammer and the drillbit, and is adapted to be struck by the piston hammer during its reciprocal strokes in its cylinder, and impart the blows it receives from the pistoniiaminer to the end of the drill-bit. Fourth. To place a hardened steel compensating reciprocal movement Vstrikingin member, that is reciprocally inounte on a Water conve er, between the piston hammer and the drill-bit of iiuid pressure drills, and that is ada ted kto drive the drill-bit by iinpartin the loWs of the haminer-piston to it. ifth. To rovide in a Water feedin rockdrillin -engine, a manualbr o crate( hollow dril -bit rotating and drill-bit feeding device, t? iat o crates through the medium of the rotation oijthe feed screw that is especially desi ned for use with piston hammer rock Adri ls. Sixth. To provide a Water feedin rock-drilling engine, having a hollow di' bit, and adapted to automatically fee-d a supply of Water to the drill-bits rock-cutting point. Seventh. To

4provide means Within a Water-feeding rockdiilling engine, to enable the users to employ for rock cutting drill-bits anyfoim or character of cross-section of anyinercfiantablrtool steel, provided with a Water passage conduit to or adjacent to its rock cutting point, that is adapted for use as rockcutting drill-bits, without forming or placing upon them collars or shoulders or other devices that act as an abutment for defining the len th of the shank that projects into the dril ing engine within the reciprocal path of the piston hammer. Eighth. Fo provide a combined air and water feeding recli-y drilling engine, provided with a rock cutting drillbit, having a shank consisting of a straight piece of the steel of which the drillbit is made without a collar or shoulder or a turned portion, and provided With a Water passage or conduit arranged to be connected to a supply of coinrnngled air and watei or of Water alone, and adaptedto convey them to its rock-cutting end, and a drill holding sleeve ada )ted to receive it and hold itin operative lstriking relation t0 the piston hammer. Ninth To provide a small, l' ht- Weght combined air and water fee ing rock-drilling engine, of sim le construction, that can be reciprocally fed) in a su orting shell that is adap ed to be supportedliy any of the drill-clampi g and supporting columns l or tripods in common use. l attain these objects by the mechanism illustrated in 'the accompanying drawings, in Which- Figure 1 is a plan view of my combined air and water feeding rock-drilling engine. Fig. 2 is a central, vertical, longitudinal sectional view through the saine. Fig. 3 is an elevationl of the front end of the drilling engine. Fig. 4 is an elevation of the front end of the drilling engine, with the front cylinder-head removed. Fig. 5 is a transverse, vertical, sectional view of the line 5-5 of Fig. 2. Fig. 6 is a plan view of the sleeve through .which the feed screw passes, and which has an integral gear Wheel at one end. Fig. 7 is a transverse, sectional view of the same, on the line 7-7 of Fig. 6. Fig. 8 is a sectional view in ers ective, of the striliing-pin-holding bu er s eeve. Fig. 9 is a side elevation of the drill-striking pin. Fig. 10 is a side elevation of the drill-holding gear chuck. Fig. 11 is a side elevation of the front cylinder head. Fig. 12 is a rear view thereof. Fig. 13 is a erspective view of the drill-bit, and. Fig. 14 1s a cross section of the Water tube and its supporting stem and collar, on line 14-14 of Fig. ,2.

Similar letters of reference refer to similar parts throughout tlie several views.

Referring to the drawings :-The numeral 1 designates the cylinder of myi rock-drilling i portion into the larger diameter of the cylinen xc. T his cylinder is provided with an axial bore of two dialnet-ers, 2 und 3, the largest of which, 2, extends into it from its rear end, for about. one-hall' of the length of the pistons hammer stroke, where it terminates in a s nare shoulder, -1 at the beginning of the sin er bore, 3, which continues from the shoulder to the end of the piston's portion of the cylinder. The entrance to the rear end of the cylinder bore is threaded and receives a cylinder head, 5, which comprises a flange portion 6, and a. rearwardly extending nut ortion 5^. This rear cylinder head is thre ed t-o screw into the threaded bore of the cylinder until the Ilange bears tightl f against the end of the cylinder. This rear cy inde-r head contains an axial aperture? through it, and is provided with a reduced stepped portion at its outer end, t-he end portion of which is threaded and is provided with several lonvitndinal slo ts 5, which are formed in its shell3 at suitable distances apart, around its surface, and extend from its end along the greater portion of the lengt-h of the reduced ortion. These slots form water passages luto the interior of the cylinder head. To the threaded end of this cylinder head, I thread a cap 5f. On the reduced step d portion of the cylinder head, I mount avalife controlled water inlet collar which is clam ed between the end of the cap 5 and a shoulder formed by the nut port-ion that threads into the cylinder. This water collar is hollow, and a water inlet iE is formed across the top of it, in one end of which a plug valve 5F is operatively seated. The stem of this valve extends beyond the water inlettube, and a hand wheel 5G is secured to its outer end. A stufli box surrounds the stem ofthe valve, an is threaded to the end of the tubular portion of the water collar. The o posite end of the water inlet tube is thre ed and a nut 5 is threaded to it into the outer side of which one end of a, curved nipple 5 is threaded, and to the opposite end of this nipple one end of a. hose 5 is secured, the opposite end of which extends to a supply of water under pressure. The aperture through this rear cylinder head is made in two diameters, the smaller of which is at the reduced end of the cylinder head, and a portion of this smaller aperture is tapered, the taper 5" being arranged to diverge outwardly from the rear end of the Alinder head toward the front end of the cylin er. lnthis tapered aperture, I fit a stem 5", which contams a tapered ort-ion 5*', intermediate of its ends, that `tits he taper 5", of the aperture, while the rear end of the stem projects Y through and be ond the end of .the cylinder Vl;iead`far eno .to receive a nut5, which "lis, threadedall(i bearsagainst the end of the linderhead. VThe opposite Sorforw'ard end v llt-#5"Stmproiectstorwardffromthetapered der hond. A snnill aperture is formed axially through the center of the stein, and through the tapered and adjacent portions of the stein a plurality of radial slots 5 are formed, that extend through the stem to its central aperture. One end of a water conveying tube 5 is inserted in the aperture in the stem, and extends through its length, and when the uut 50 is tightened against the end of the cylinder, the split tapered portion of the stem is drawn tiohtl?y into the tapered aperture in the cylinder lead, and the split or slotted portion is contracted against the tube, and clamps the water tube rigidly to the stein. The oplposite end of this water tube extends axia y through the cylinder into the end of the hollow rock cutting drillbit, and passes loosely through an axial aperture 5, formed through a hammer piston, which is reciprocalbr mounted in the cylinder, and also through an axial aperture 5T, formed in a hammer piston striking pin 7.

At a short distance from the rear end of the cylinder, I form on the cylinder a. transverse cylindrical boss rtion 8, in which is formed a. circular air et aperture 9, the entrance of which is threaded to receive the threaded connecting end of a hose 10, which leads to a supply of compressed air. The air inlet aperture connects with a. circumferential recess, 12, formed in the eriphery of the bore of the cylinder which ihnns the air inlet ort of the cylin er. Adjacent to the shoul er, 4, and in the larger bore of the cylinder, a circumferential air inlet port, 13 is also formed, and the port 12, is connected to the port 13, by orts 14 that are drilled into the rear end the shell of the cylinder in axial alinement with the axis of the cylinder and in position to intersect the port l2, an to extend to and intersect the ort. 13. which is located in a circumferent' rib 8", that surrounds the cylinder over the port 13. The entrances to the port holes14 are tightly plllgged after the are drill At the nt end portion o the smaller diameter of the piston ort 16, is formed in the cylinder. This exaust rt is open to the atmosphere thro an ust aperture 17, w 'ch exten through the bottom oft-he shell of the linder into it. In the bore of the cyln er I reciprocally mount a piston hammer 1l, the peripheral surface ofwhch is made m two iameters 18 and 1 9-, to tit the twodianleters ofthe c linders bore. The piston hainmer s bore a. circumferential exhaust is pro, ed with an axial aperturefzmwhich extends into it from its rear endEQ-l ,itowithin a short distance'mniits front endQand. `,from

the front end. of this lari; aperture,` the sinall dial port holes 22, which extend from the interior face of the piston hammer through its shell. These ports are preferably arranged so that apart of them will radiate at substantially a ri ht angle to the axis of the hammer, and t e remainder will stand at an obtuse forward angle from the interior base of the hammer, and they are also preferably arranged so that their entrances within the bore of the hammer are arranged in an alternating zig-zag line, and their outer openings are in a circumferential line. The forward end of the iston hammer, at the inner end of its axia bore, is provided with a radial -row of port holes, 23, that extend from the interior bore throu h the shell of the hammer. At the end o the cylinders iston hammer bore, an axial bore 24, is ormed, which is larger in diameter than the bore of the hammer, and at the end of the bore 24, a still larger bore 25, is formed in the inner peripheral surface of the cylinder, i of the striking-pin 7.

the cylinder that extends to its front or drillbit holding end; substantiall square shoulders, 241, and 25, are forme between these three bores of the cylinder. The corners of the shoulder 25A, are, however, preferably rounded. In the bore 24, I place a steel buffer sleeve 26. This sleeve fits loosely, but snugly, in the bore, and normally against the shoulder 24", formed between t e piston hammers bore and the bore 24, and on the outer end of this sleeve an enlarged collar portion 27, is formed, which fits normally in the large and bore 25, against the shoulder 25^, formed between the bore 24 and the bore 25. A ainst the forward end of the steel buffer s eeve, I place a rubber buffer rin 28, having a large axial aperture, through W ich projects loosely one end of a drill-bit holdin chuck or sleeve 29, which projects at one en into the end of the cylinder, and through the rubber buffer ring and also loosely into the sleeve 26, for a short distance of the sleeves length. The piptposite end of the chuck projects forwar eyond the end of the cylinder, and is inclose by a hub 30, formed in the front cylinder head 31. The opposite sides of the front end of the cylinder are rovided with lu s 32, to which one end) of studs 33, are t readed. The front cylinder head is provided with lug portions 33A, that are provided with holes that fit over the studs, and the nuts 34 are threaded to the free ends of the studs, which ro'ect through the holes in the cylinder hea lhe drill-bit holding chuck is provided at about the central ortion of its length with a gear 35 whic is formed preferably by an enlarged integral portion, in the peripheral surface of which the teeth of the gear are formed. This gear portion of the chuck fits snugly but rotatably between the front cylinder head and the rubber washer. This gear, however, is not large enough in diameter to extend to and I fill/l" up the space between the outside diameter of the gear and the inner peripheral surface of] the cylinder by a ring-shaped hub ortion 3 that is formed integral with the ront cylinder head and that projects from its inner side into the end of the cvlinder between the gear and the inner periphery of the cylinder. A portion of the under side of this hub is cut away to allow the gear 35, to mesh with a gear placed below it, as will be more full explained hereinafter.

The steel buffer sleeve is provided at its end facing the piston hammer with an axial aperture 36, of smaller diameter than the aperture in its opposite end, into which the drill holding chuck extends, and in this aperture 36, I fit loosely the front end of a hardened steel lpin 7, the opposite end of which lits loose y into the ad acent end of the drill-bit holding chuck. pon the body of this in, I form a circumferential collar 37, which ts loosely in the larger'axial a erture of the steel buffer sleeve, and normal y rests against the shoulder formed between the larger aperture of this buffer sleeve and the smaller aperture 36. The drill-bit holding chuck does not extend into the lar er a erture of the steel buffer sleeve to t e colar formed on the steel pin, but stops at a short distance from it, and a compensating space 38 is left within the steel buffer sleeve and between the end of the chuck and the collar of the striking-pin. This steel pin 7, I term the striking-pm, and the end of this strikingpin that projlpcts through the aperture 36, 1n the steel uffer sleeve, projects beyond the sleeve a short distance into the reciprocal path of the piston hammer, and the compensating movement of this pin is to permit the striking-pin to be driven forward when it is struck by the hammer within the drillholding chuck. The rock cutting drill-bit 39, is preferably formed of what is known as cruciform steel, and the shank of this drill-bit consists of a bar of an predetermined length of this character o merchantable steel, and the rock cutting li s are formed upon its outer end in the usua manner. T h1s drill-bit is provided with a water conveying passage or conduit, which may be arranged in any desired manner, such as along its sides or in its ed re or partially through it, and partially a ong it, but I preferably use an aperture 39` ormed centrally throu fh the drill-bit, from end to end. and when t e drill-bit is in operative rock drilling position against the striking-pin, the water tube projects loosely into its end a short distance, as shown in Fig. 2. The chuck is provided with an axial aperture 37A, which is cruciform for the greater portion of its length, to correspond to the shapi` of the drill, while the rear end of the chuck is counterbored to receive the forward end This counterbore, 29^,

is of slightly greater depth than the distance traveled by the striking-pin, and is also a little greater in diameter than the cruciform a erture, in order to accommodate the end ofD the striking-pin. T he shank end of thedrill projects loosely into the drill-holding chuck and this shank` end is free from shoulders or projections, or forge or machine work of any kind, and it consists simply of the natural cnd of this bar of steel iroectin loosely into the drill holding cliuc an against the striking-pin, and into the short compensating or reciprocal movement of the striking-pin. The drill-bit is held in operative relation to the rock in which it is drilling by properly feeding the cylinder forward in such a manner that the shank end of the drill-bit is held against the end of the striking pin and the striking pins collar is held against the shoulder formed between its smaller and larger apertures. Then when the iston hammer strikes the striking-pin, the Elow is imparted by the striking-pin to the end of the drill-bit, and it is driven into the rock and the compensating movement of the striking-pin allows forward feeding movement of striking-pin to compensate for the blow of the iston, driving the cutting oints of the dril -bit into rock, and also for ailure on the part of the o erator to feed the cylinder to hold the drillit close up to or with slight pressure against the rock.

A depending lug portion 40, is formed on the cylinder, which contains an aperture 41, through it, and a counter-bore, 42, is also forned in it concentric to the aperture 41. In this counter-bore I lace a gear 43, the teeth of which mesh with the teeth of the drill holding chuck gear 35. This gear 43, is provided with a hub portion 44, that fits rotatably in the aperture through the lug 40, and from this hub a long sleeve 45, extends forward under the cylinder to close to a nut 46, which is secured in a depending lug 48, formed on the rear end `of the cylinderl This nut 46, is threaded and a feed screw/47 is rotatably threaded to it, and this screw 'extends loosely through the gear 43, hub 44, and the sleeve 45, with the exception of its outer end, which is feathered to `thefeed screw in the following manner: The feed screw 4T, is provided with two key ways 419i which are cut through its threads on opplf` site sides of it, and the axial aperture ip\ti:e outer end of the sleeve is reduced in diameter and the metal is swaged or drifted away from the opposite side of the inner peri )licral surface of the wall of this reduced axial aperture by drifts orswages, in such a manner as to leave two feather keys 49, depending from the inner periphery of the aperture. These feather keys are arranged and adapted to fit slidably in the key ways in the opposite sides of the feed screw, so that when the feed screw is rotated the sleeve and gear will be rotated with it, and will also feed along its length as the cylinder is moved, which movement of the cylinder is caused by the opposite or outer end of the feed screw being secured rotatably to the head portion 49^, of two rearwardly extending arms 50, which are secured at their inner ends to a supportingl shell 51. This supporting shell is provided with slide-ways 52, on its opposite sldes, and the cylinder is provided with guide-ways 53, which are arranged and adapted to fit and slide in the slide-wa s of the supporting shell. The bottom o the shell is rovided with an inverted fan-tail or dove-tal shaped circular hub, which is adapted to be clamped by a stopping har chuck in a well known manner. The outer end of the feed screw is provided with a crank handle 54, which is secured to the feed screw in such a manner that the feed screw is rotatably journaled to the any suitable means, an arm 55, which is positioned to stand over the slide-ways of the shell, and on the opposite end of. the shell in the path of this arm I form or secure a projecting abutment stop 56, against which the arm strikes when the cylinder is fed forward in the shell as far as it should be, and which limits the operating feeding stroke of the c l-` inder, and prevents the cylinder being ed too far forward in the shell. A f

The operation is as follows: When th screw is rotated by the prank, the cylinder is fed to and fro in its suI porting shell, as the nut 46, which is attac led to the cylinder, feeds to and fro, depending on which way the feed screw is turned, and the sleeve 45, and

its gear 43, turn with the feed screw, beingl held by its feather keys, and the also slide along the feed screw with the cy inder. As

`the gear 43, is rotated by the feed screw, it -rotates the drill holding chuck gear, andthe iriu holding Chuck rotates the rock-cutting drill-bit. The piston. hammer and ports operate in the following manner: Assuming the piston to be at the end of its forward stroke 1n the cylinder, as shown in Fig. 2, the compressed air flows from its source of supply through the hose 10, into the inlet port `12, and through the longitudinal port 14, to the port 13, and entering the c linder between the shoulder 4, of the ey inder, and Vthe shoulder 2()A of the piston hammer, moves' the piston backward to the rear end of its stroke in the cylinder, and when the ports of the piston hammer pass the inlet port 12, the air rushes from thc inlet post into and through the plurality of radial ports 22, into the interior of the piston hammer and to the roar end, cushioning .it just before it strikes the cylinder head and starting it and throwing' it forward impinging it with great velocity against thc end of the striking pin, as thoair flows through the ort holes 'Z2 into the interior of the piston iammer in much greater volume than against its shoulder. vWhen thel piston hammer reaches the forward end of its, stroke, its exhaust ports 23, register with the exhaust port 16, and theair in the interior of the piston hammer flows out to the ntmos here through its exhaust ports 23. The air then again enters the inlet port 12, and the reciprocal stroke is repeated. The piston hammer strikes the stri ing-pin with great rapidity, causing it to strike the end of the rock-cutting drill-biteach time it is struck by the piston hammer, and the operator rotates'tlie crank handle which rotates the feed screw and feeds the cylinder forward in its supporting shell just fast enough to keep the dril -bit in operative relation to rock. In case, however, the drill-bit is so loosely held in the drill-chuck that the striking-pin does not strike it or is not in the drill-chuck, the striking-pin is then driven against the adiaccnt end of the drill-chuck, and the piston iammer strikes against the end of the steel hull'cr sleeve, which cushions against the rubber bull'cr and 'rhc steel washer and thc gear and cylinder-head. 'l`he rubber buller cushions the blows, however. As soon as the rock-drillingI engine is se t in operative position to rock, and the drill-bit has been fed by the feed screw into operative striking' relation to rock, the su `ply of water from the hose 1() is turned on y the valve 5F into the water collar 5" and flows from its interior through the water recesses 5" into the hood 5C of tlu` rear cylinder head from which it -llows into thc water tube 5 and through it into the rear end of the rock-cutting drill-hit through which it llows to its cutting point to the bottom of thc hole in the rock, as it is beingl drilled. This supply of water docs not How alone through the drill-bit to its cutting point. The water tube lits loosely in the shank end of the drill-bit, and the strikin )in is also loosely and reciprocally mountcll 1n its supporting sleeve, and at each reciprocal stroke of the hammer piston a portion of the compressed air flowing into the forward end of the cylinder flows by the striking pin into the aperture in the drill-bit around the end ol the Water tube, and combines and eommingles with the water, and this combined air and water is discharged in jets and puffs as a commingled spray, at each reci rocal stroke of the hammer piston in the ottoms of holes in rock while drilling them.

It will hc seen by the above that by the use` l of' any l of the striking-pin I am enabled to use rockl cutting drill-hits having straioht, har shrinks kind o1' character of cross-section, without doing any work on them or )reviding them with collars or shoulders or ugs, or other members that nre intended lo l-.rmagainst the end of the cylinder and delme the dist-ance the strikingr end of the shrink shall extend into the cylinder, thus enabling me to do away or dispense with all that character of work, and greatly chen )en the cost-of the rock-cutting d lill-hits. lne drillbits are thrown around the iloor ot' shafts, stopes, and `tunnelsn'and get covered with grit, sand, and mud, and this striking-pin, taken in connection with the stoel sleeve, also revents this sand, mud, and grit from workmg into the cylinder of the piston hammer.

Although l preferably use cruciform steel, still my invention contemplates the use of an form of crosssection of any merchantable tool steel used for cutting rock, ns round, s uare, hexagon, triangular, ribbed. crossri died, or of any polygonal forni, that' is provided with a passage-way or conduit or un air or water or a comminglod nir and water aperture, adapted to convev nir or water or both separately or comhined or commingled to its cutting point, and to the hottoms of holes in rock while drilling them.

While l have illustrated und descrihed the preferred construction and arrangement of my improved combined water nud air rock cuttings electing iston hammer strikingpin feed screw, dri l-hit rotating, lluid )ressure rock-drilling engine, and improved lorm of rock-cutting drill-hit, l do not wish to he limited to the construction and arrangement shown, ns mamy changes might he made therein without departing from the spirit of my invention.

Having described my invention, what I claim as new und desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. A rock drill, comprising a cylinder, a )iston-hammer, an apertured strikinU-pin, a liollour drill-hit, and means for delivering waiter through said striking-pin and drill-bit.

A rock drill, comprisingr a cylinder, a

iston-hammer, an apertured striking-pin, a iollow drill-bit, and a water-supply pipe eX- tending through said striking-pin into said drillbit.

3. A rock drill, comprising a cylinder, a piston-hammer, an apertured strikingpin, a hollow drill-bit, a revoluble chuck loosely receiving said drill-bit, and means for delivering Water through said striking-pin and drill-bit.

4. A rock drill, comprising a cylinder, n`

iston-hammer, an apertured striking-pin, n, liollow drill-bit, a revolulzle chuck loosely receiving said drill-bit, and a water-supply i e extending through seid striking-pin into said drillhit.

5, A rook drill, comprising a cilinder, a piston-hammer, a striking-pin, an a hollow drill-bit, said drill having passages for deliverin water and air through said strikingpin into said drill-hit.

G. A rook drill, comprising a cylinder, a )iston-liaiiiiiier, an apertured striking-pin, a liollow drill-bit, a watei'fsu ply pipe loosely extending tlirou fh said stri ng-pin into said drill-hit, said dri l having passages for deliving compressed air between saida striking-pin and pipe.

" 7 A rook drill provided with a drill steel having a centrally located longitudinal passage, a reciprocating hammer thaving a corresponding longitudinal passage, Y a head piece screwed into the rear. extremity .of the drill casing and rovided with an alined passage, a fluid de ivory tube inserted in said passages, `the said tube being open at both ends, and a cap located in the forward extremity of the casingfor supportingsaid tube.

8. In a rock dril ing machine, the combination with a casing, a drill bit mounted therein and having a central longitudinal passage, a hammer mounted to reciprocate therein and having a corresponding passa e,

a fluid delivery tube passing through ie hammer and extending through the rear eX tremity of the casing for the passage of Huid 3() through the liziiiiiiier and drill steel, and a supportin cap located at the forward eX- tieniit o the tube and open to register with the tu )e and the drill bit passage.

In testimony whereof I aflix niy/ signature in presenceof two witnesses.

JOHN GEORGE LEYNER.

R. LOUISE, BROWN,4 p LUTHER A. WYGANT, Jr. 

